Alcedinidae

The Alcedinidae are a family of small to medium-sized birds known as kingfishers, which are noted for their vibrant colors and skillful hunting abilities. This family is part of the order Coraciiformes and includes a variety of species found all over the world, particularly near water bodies.

Description

Kingfishers of the Alcedinidae family are characterized by their large heads, long, sharp bills, short legs, and stubby tails. The plumage of these birds is typically bright, with variations of blue, green, and orange being common. They range in size from the tiny African dwarf kingfisher, which is about 10 cm in length, to the larger species like the giant kingfisher, which can measure up to 45 cm.

Habitat

Alcedinidae species are generally found near rivers, lakes, and coasts. They are highly territorial and are often seen perched conspicuously on branches, wires, or other vantage points from where they can spot and dive for prey, primarily fish and aquatic invertebrates.

Behavior

Kingfishers are solitary for most of the year, coming together only during the breeding season. They are known for their distinctive hunting technique involving hovering over water to spot prey before diving in to catch it. They nest in burrows excavated in riverbanks or in tree termite nests, depending on the species.

Diet

The diet of Alcedinidae primarily consists of fish, but many species also consume crustaceans, insects, and small amphibians. The exact diet varies with the habitat and the specific species' hunting capabilities and needs.

Conservation

While many kingfisher species are common and widespread, others face threats from habitat destruction, pollution, and competition for resources. Conservation efforts are crucial for protecting the habitats of these visually striking birds and ensuring their survival.

Genera and Species

The family Alcedinidae includes several genera, such as:

• Alcedo – typical kingfishers
• Ceryle – water kingfishers
• Halcyon – tree kingfishers
• Clytoceyx – shovel-billed kookaburra
• Dacelo – kookaburras

Each genus encompasses a number of species, adapted to different environments and having varying behaviors and dietary needs.

See also

• Bird
• Feather
• Avian phylogenetics