Alnus rubra

Alnus rubra, also known as the red alder, is a deciduous tree native to the west coast of North America. It is the largest species of alder in North America and one of the largest in the world.

Description

The Alnus rubra typically grows to be around 20 to 25 meters tall, but can reach heights of up to 35 meters. The bark is grey and often covered in lichen. The leaves are ovate and have a serrated edge, and the flowers are catkins that appear before the leaves in early spring.

Distribution and habitat

The Alnus rubra is found from southeast Alaska to southern California, usually within 200 km of the Pacific Ocean. It grows in a variety of habitats, from sea level to elevations of up to 1500 meters. It is most commonly found in areas with cool, moist climates.

Ecology

The Alnus rubra plays a key role in its ecosystem. It is a pioneer species, often being one of the first trees to colonize disturbed areas. It also improves soil fertility by fixing nitrogen, a process facilitated by a symbiotic relationship with the bacterium Frankia alni.

Uses

The wood of the Alnus rubra is light, soft and straight-grained, making it ideal for a variety of uses. It is commonly used for furniture, cabinetry, and pulpwood. The bark has been used by indigenous peoples for dye and medicine.

Conservation

While the Alnus rubra is not currently considered threatened, it may be vulnerable to climate change due to its narrow geographic range and specific habitat requirements.

See also

• List of Alnus species
• Forestry in the United States

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