Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a peptide hormone that is produced by the pituitary gland in the brain. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of skin color in many vertebrates, including humans.
Etymology[edit | edit source]
The term "melanocyte-stimulating hormone" refers to the hormone's ability to stimulate melanocytes, the cells that produce the pigment melanin, which gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes. The prefix "alpha-" is used to distinguish α-MSH from other forms of melanocyte-stimulating hormone, such as beta- and gamma-MSH.
Function[edit | edit source]
α-MSH is produced in response to exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It binds to melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) on the surface of melanocytes, stimulating them to produce and release melanin. This process, known as melanogenesis, results in a darkening of the skin, which helps to protect the body from the harmful effects of UV radiation.
In addition to its role in skin pigmentation, α-MSH has been found to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. It has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and to promote the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
Related Terms[edit | edit source]
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
