Ultraviolet radiation

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is a form of electromagnetic radiation that comes from the sun and is transmitted in waves or particles at different wavelengths and frequencies. This type of radiation is less powerful than X-rays but more powerful than visible light.

UV radiation is divided into three types based on wavelength: UVA, UVB, and UVC. UVA has the longest wavelength and is the least harmful, but it can contribute to aging of the skin, DNA damage, and potentially skin cancer. UVB radiation, with medium wavelength, is biologically active and can cause sunburn and skin cancer. UVC radiation is the most harmful type of UV radiation, but it is completely absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere and does not reach the surface.

Exposure to UV radiation can have both beneficial and harmful effects on human health. On the positive side, it is responsible for the production of vitamin D in the skin. On the negative side, overexposure can lead to skin cancer, cataracts, and other health problems.

Health effects

UV radiation, particularly the more harmful UVB and UVC, can cause a number of health problems. These include:

• Skin cancer: Overexposure to UV radiation can lead to skin cancer, including melanoma, which is the most dangerous type of skin cancer.
• Sunburn: UVB radiation can cause sunburn, a painful redness of the skin.
• Cataracts: Over time, exposure to UV radiation can lead to cataracts, a clouding of the lens of the eye that can impair vision.
• Immune system suppression: Overexposure to UV radiation can suppress the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off disease.

Protection

There are several ways to protect oneself from the harmful effects of UV radiation. These include:

• Sunscreen: Sunscreen can block or absorb UV radiation, protecting the skin from damage.
• Clothing: Wearing protective clothing, including hats and sunglasses, can block UV radiation.
• Shade: Seeking shade during the peak sun hours of 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. can help to avoid overexposure to UV radiation.

See also

• Electromagnetic spectrum
• Ozone layer
• Solar radiation

Ultraviolet radiation Resources
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