Alpha-v

Alpha-v is a type of integrin, a family of cell adhesion molecules. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that facilitate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. Upon ligand binding, integrins activate signal transduction pathways that mediate cellular signals such as regulation of the cell cycle, organization of the intracellular cytoskeleton, and movement of new receptors to the cell membrane. The presence of alpha-v integrins can determine the invasiveness of cancer cells in vivo and in vitro.

Structure

Alpha-v integrins are heterodimeric receptors composed of an alpha subunit and a beta subunit. The alpha-v subunit is a type I membrane protein that interacts with multiple different beta subunits to form different integrins. The different alpha-v integrins are named according to their beta subunit (e.g., alpha-v beta-1, alpha-v beta-3, etc.).

Function

Alpha-v integrins play crucial roles in the body. They are involved in cell adhesion and recognition in a variety of processes including embryogenesis, hemostasis, tissue repair, immune response, and metastatic diffusion of tumor cells. Alpha-v integrins recognize the sequence R-G-D (arginine-glycine-aspartate) in a variety of ligands.

Clinical significance

Alpha-v integrins are potential therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. They are overexpressed in many cancers and are involved in the progression of tumors. Inhibitors of alpha-v integrins are currently being developed and tested as cancer treatments.

See also

• Integrin
• Cell adhesion
• Cancer

Alpha-v Resources
Latest articles Most recent articles Ongoing trials	Wikipedia