Ammonium hexachloroplatinate

Ammonium hexachloroplatinate is an inorganic compound with the formula (NH₄)₂[PtCl₆]. It is a common precursor to many platinum compounds. This yellow solid is an important reagent in the synthesis of platinum-based catalysts and materials.

Properties

Ammonium hexachloroplatinate is characterized by its high solubility in water and organic solvents, which makes it a versatile reagent in chemistry. Upon heating, it decomposes to platinum metal and releases ammonia and hydrogen chloride gases, a process used in the preparation of fine platinum powders for catalysis.

Synthesis

The compound is typically synthesized by the reaction of chloroplatinic acid (H₂PtCl₆) with ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) in aqueous solution. The reaction yields ammonium hexachloroplatinate as a precipitate, which can be purified by recrystallization.

Applications

Ammonium hexachloroplatinate is primarily used as a precursor to platinum metal and various platinum compounds. In material science, it serves as a starting material for the preparation of platinum-based catalysts, which are essential in numerous chemical processes including hydrogenation reactions and in the automotive industry for catalytic converters. Additionally, it is used in the synthesis of platinum-containing polymers and nanoparticles, which have applications in medicine, electronics, and catalysis.

Safety

Handling of ammonium hexachloroplatinate requires caution. It is harmful if ingested, inhaled, or comes in contact with skin. It can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system. Appropriate safety measures, including the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), should be taken when working with this compound.