Angler fish

Anglerfish are a group of marine fish in the order Lophiiformes. They are named for their characteristic mode of predation, in which a fleshy growth from the fish's head (the esca or illicium) acts as a lure.

Anatomy and appearance

Anglerfish are bony fish that are most recognized for their luminescent, bait-like appendage that dangles from their head, used to lure prey. They have large heads that are out of proportion to their small, compressed bodies. Their mouths are large, capable of consuming prey up to twice their size, and their teeth are sharp and fang-like.

Distribution and habitat

Anglerfish are found in the Atlantic and Antarctic Oceans, dwelling in the deep sea. Some species are benthic (they live on the sea floor), while others are pelagic (they live in the open ocean).

Behavior and ecology

Anglerfish are carnivorous and are known for their method of hunting. They use a fleshy, luminescent lure (the esca) located on a stalk on their heads to attract prey. Once the prey is close enough, the anglerfish will snap it up with its large mouth and sharp teeth.

Reproduction

Anglerfish have a unique method of reproduction. Males are much smaller than females and lack a functional digestive system. To survive, they must find a female and fuse themselves to her, receiving nourishment from her body and providing her with sperm.

Human interaction

While anglerfish are not typically part of the human diet due to their deep sea habitat and unappealing appearance, they are often a subject of fascination due to their unique hunting and reproductive behaviors.

See also

• Deep sea fish
• Bioluminescence