Anterior colliculus

Anterior colliculus is a term used in anatomy to refer to a small, rounded protuberance on the upper surface of the corpora quadrigemina, a part of the midbrain. The anterior colliculus, also known as the superior colliculus, plays a crucial role in visual processing and eye movement.

Structure

The anterior colliculus is located on the dorsal aspect of the midbrain, just below the thalamus and directly above the inferior colliculus. It is part of the tectum, a region of the midbrain involved in sensory processing. The anterior colliculus is paired, with one located on each side of the midline.

The anterior colliculus is part of the corpora quadrigemina, shown here in a cross-section of the midbrain.

Function

The primary function of the anterior colliculus is to process visual information and control eye movements. It receives direct input from the retina and indirect input from the visual cortex, allowing it to respond to visual stimuli and coordinate rapid eye movements known as saccades.

The anterior colliculus also plays a role in the control of head and neck movements in response to visual stimuli, and is involved in the regulation of pupil size and eye blinking.

Clinical significance

Damage to the anterior colliculus can result in a range of visual and motor deficits, including difficulties with eye movements, impaired visual attention, and problems with spatial orientation. It may also contribute to conditions such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia, although the exact role of the anterior colliculus in these disorders is not fully understood.

See also

• Posterior colliculus
• Midbrain
• Corpora quadrigemina
• Visual system