Antiaris

Antiaris toxicaria GS311

Antiaris is a genus of flowering plants in the family Moraceae. The genus is native to tropical regions of Africa and Asia. The most well-known species within this genus is Antiaris toxicaria, commonly known as the upas tree.

Description

Antiaris species are typically large trees that can grow up to 40 meters in height. They have a straight trunk and a broad, spreading crown. The leaves are simple, alternate, and have a smooth margin. The flowers are small and inconspicuous, usually greenish or yellowish in color. The fruit is a small, fleshy drupe.

Distribution and Habitat

Antiaris species are found in tropical rainforests, often in lowland areas. They thrive in humid environments and are commonly found in countries such as Nigeria, Ghana, Indonesia, and Malaysia.

Uses

The wood of Antiaris species is lightweight and is often used in the construction of furniture and other wooden products. The latex of Antiaris toxicaria is highly toxic and has been historically used as an arrow poison by indigenous peoples.

Toxicity

The latex of Antiaris toxicaria contains several toxic compounds, including cardiac glycosides. These compounds can cause severe cardiac arrest if ingested or if they enter the bloodstream. The tree has been historically feared and revered in various cultures due to its potent toxicity.

Species

Some of the notable species within the genus Antiaris include:

• Antiaris toxicaria
• Antiaris africana

Conservation Status

Many species within the genus Antiaris are not currently considered to be at risk. However, habitat destruction and deforestation in tropical regions pose a potential threat to their populations.

See Also

• Moraceae
• Upas tree
• Cardiac glycosides