Antigua and Barbuda

File:Antigua and Barbuda National Anthem.ogg File:United States Navy Band - God Save the King.oga

The Mill Yard - Ten Views in the Island of Antigua (1823), plate V - BL

1953 Antigua stamps

Antigue 34622

Antigua and Barbuda is a twin-island country located in the West Indies in the Americas, lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It consists of two major islands, Antigua and Barbuda, along with a number of smaller islands. The capital and largest city is St. John's, situated on Antigua. The country is known for its reef-lined beaches, rainforests, and resorts.

History

The history of Antigua and Barbuda can be traced back to the Arawak and Carib peoples, who were the early inhabitants of the islands. The islands were sighted by Christopher Columbus in 1493 and were later colonized by the British in 1632. They became a part of the British West Indies and were subjected to sugar cane cultivation, which led to the importation of enslaved Africans. Antigua and Barbuda gained its independence from the United Kingdom on November 1, 1981, becoming a sovereign nation while remaining a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.

Geography

Antigua and Barbuda is located in the eastern Caribbean Sea. The country's geography is marked by its tropical climate, with the landscape of Antigua being relatively flat and Barbuda being known for its coral formations. The highest point is Boggy Peak in Antigua, known locally as Mount Obama, which stands at 402 meters above sea level. The islands are also prone to hurricanes during the Atlantic hurricane season.

Economy

The economy of Antigua and Barbuda is heavily reliant on tourism, which accounts for the majority of its GDP and employment. Other significant economic activities include banking and finance, agriculture, and manufacturing. The country is also known for its Antigua and Barbuda Citizenship by Investment Program, which allows individuals to gain citizenship through investment in the nation's economy.

Culture

The culture of Antigua and Barbuda is a blend of the African heritage of most of its population and British colonial influences. This is evident in its music, dance, and festivals, such as the annual Carnival celebrated in Antigua. Cricket is the most popular sport, reflecting the country's British colonial past.

Government

Antigua and Barbuda is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government. The monarch of the United Kingdom is the head of state, represented locally by a Governor-General. The head of government is the Prime Minister. The country has a bicameral legislature, consisting of the House of Representatives and the Senate.

Demographics

The population of Antigua and Barbuda is predominantly of African descent, with minorities of European, Middle Eastern, and Asian descent. English is the official language, reflecting the country's colonial history, but many locals also speak Antiguan Creole. The majority of the population adheres to Christianity, with the Anglican Church being the largest denomination.

Environmental Issues

Antigua and Barbuda faces several environmental challenges, including water scarcity, coastal erosion, and the impact of hurricanes. The government has implemented various policies aimed at environmental protection and sustainability, including the establishment of marine protected areas and renewable energy initiatives.

See Also

• List of Caribbean islands
• History of the Caribbean
• Politics of Antigua and Barbuda
• Economy of the Caribbean