Antilymphocytic globulin

Antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) is a type of immunoglobulin used in the treatment of various immune system disorders. It is derived from the serum of animals that have been immunized against human lymphocytes, and is used to suppress the immune response in patients undergoing organ transplantation or suffering from certain autoimmune diseases.

History

The use of antilymphocytic globulin as an immunosuppressive agent was first proposed in the 1960s. Early studies demonstrated its effectiveness in preventing graft rejection in animal models, and subsequent clinical trials confirmed its utility in human patients.

Mechanism of Action

Antilymphocytic globulin works by binding to the surface of lymphocytes, leading to their destruction and thus suppressing the immune response. This can help to prevent the body from rejecting a transplanted organ, or to reduce the severity of autoimmune diseases in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissues.

Uses

Antilymphocytic globulin is primarily used in the field of transplantation medicine, where it is administered to patients undergoing organ transplantation to help prevent graft rejection. It may also be used in the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, where it can help to reduce the severity of the disease by suppressing the immune response.

Side Effects

Like all medications, antilymphocytic globulin can have side effects. These may include fever, chills, nausea, and rash. In rare cases, it can cause serious complications such as anaphylaxis or serum sickness.

See Also

• Immunosuppressive drug
• Organ transplantation
• Autoimmune disease