Aqueductus cerebri

Aqueductus Cerebri (also known as the Cerebral Aqueduct or Sylvius' Aqueduct) is a narrow channel in the brain that connects the third and fourth ventricles. This structure is part of the ventricular system and plays a crucial role in the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.

Anatomy

The Aqueductus Cerebri is a small, cylindrical, and hollow structure located within the mesencephalon, or midbrain. It is approximately 15 mm long and has a diameter of about 2 mm. The walls of the aqueduct are formed by ependymal cells, which are specialized cells that produce cerebrospinal fluid.

Function

The primary function of the Aqueductus Cerebri is to allow the passage of cerebrospinal fluid from the third ventricle, located in the midbrain, to the fourth ventricle, located between the pons and cerebellum. This fluid serves several important functions, including providing buoyancy and protection to the brain, transporting nutrients, and removing waste products.

Clinical Significance

Blockage or narrowing of the Aqueductus Cerebri can lead to a condition known as hydrocephalus, which is characterized by an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain. This can cause increased intracranial pressure, which can lead to symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and in severe cases, can cause brain damage or death. Treatment typically involves the surgical insertion of a shunt to drain the excess fluid.

History

The Aqueductus Cerebri was first described by the Dutch anatomist Franciscus Sylvius in the 17th century, and is sometimes referred to as Sylvius' Aqueduct in his honor.

See Also

• Ventricular system
• Cerebrospinal fluid
• Hydrocephalus