Arbovirus

Arbovirus is a term used to refer to a group of viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors. The word "arbovirus" is an acronym (ARthropod-BOrne virus). Arboviruses can affect both humans and animals and are responsible for various diseases.

Classification

Arboviruses belong to several virus families, including Flaviviridae, Togaviridae, Bunyaviridae, and Reoviridae. These families include viruses responsible for diseases such as Dengue fever, Zika virus, West Nile virus, Yellow fever, and Chikungunya.

Transmission

Arboviruses are primarily transmitted through the bites of infected arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and sandflies. The arthropod becomes infected when it feeds on the blood of an infected host. The virus then replicates within the arthropod and can be transmitted to a new host during subsequent feedings.

Diseases

Arboviruses are responsible for a wide range of diseases in humans and animals. These diseases can range from mild, flu-like symptoms to severe, life-threatening conditions. Some of the most well-known arboviral diseases include Dengue fever, Zika virus, West Nile virus, and Yellow fever.

Prevention and Control

Prevention and control of arboviral diseases primarily involve controlling the arthropod vectors and limiting exposure to these vectors. This can include the use of insect repellents, wearing protective clothing, and removing potential breeding sites for mosquitoes.

See Also

• Vector (epidemiology)
• Zoonosis
• Emerging infectious disease

References

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