Arctica islandica

Arctica islandica

Arctica islandica, commonly known as the ocean quahog or Icelandic cyprine, is a species of bivalve mollusk in the family Arcticidae. It is found in the North Atlantic Ocean, particularly in the waters around Iceland.

Description

The Arctica islandica is a large bivalve mollusk, with a thick, rounded shell that can reach up to 12 centimeters in length. The shell is typically dark brown or black in color, with concentric growth rings that can be used to estimate the age of the individual. These growth rings have made the species particularly interesting to scientists studying climate change, as they provide a record of environmental conditions over the lifespan of the mollusk.

Distribution and Habitat

The ocean quahog is primarily found in the North Atlantic Ocean, ranging from the coasts of North America to Europe. It is particularly abundant in the waters around Iceland, where it has been commercially harvested for centuries. The species is typically found in sandy or muddy substrates, at depths ranging from a few meters to several hundred meters.

Life Cycle

Like other bivalve mollusks, the Arctica islandica has a complex life cycle that involves both sexual and asexual reproduction. The species is a filter feeder, using its gills to extract plankton and other organic particles from the water. It is a slow-growing species, with individuals taking several decades to reach maturity. The lifespan of the ocean quahog is particularly remarkable, with some individuals living for over 400 years.

Importance to Humans

The ocean quahog has been commercially harvested for centuries, particularly in Iceland. The meat of the mollusk is considered a delicacy in some cuisines, and the shells have been used for various purposes, including jewelry and decorative items. In recent years, the species has also gained attention from scientists studying climate change, as the growth rings in its shell provide valuable information about past environmental conditions.

Conservation

Due to its long lifespan and slow growth rate, the ocean quahog is vulnerable to overfishing. In some areas, regulations have been put in place to protect the species and ensure its sustainable harvest. Additionally, the species is listed as "Least Concern" on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, indicating that it is not currently facing any major threats to its survival.

See Also

• Bivalvia
• Mollusca
• Climate change