Argentaffin cell

Argentaffin cell (also known as Argyrophil cell or Enterochromaffin cell) is a type of cell found in the gastrointestinal tract and the respiratory tract. These cells are part of the neuroendocrine system and are known for their ability to take up silver salts, a property known as argentaffinity.

Function

Argentaffin cells are primarily involved in the production and secretion of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in regulating mood, appetite, and sleep. They also produce other hormones and peptides, including substance P, neuropeptide Y, and somatostatin.

Location

In the gastrointestinal tract, argentaffin cells are found in the mucosa, particularly in the ileum and appendix. In the respiratory tract, they are located in the bronchial epithelium.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities in the number or function of argentaffin cells can lead to various medical conditions. For example, an increase in the number of these cells is seen in carcinoid syndrome, a rare condition characterized by flushing, diarrhea, and wheezing. On the other hand, a decrease in the number of argentaffin cells is associated with Parkinson's disease.

See also

• Enteroendocrine cell
• Neuroendocrine tumor
• Serotonin syndrome

References

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