Arpraziquantel

(R)-Praziquantel

Arpraziquantel is an anthelmintic medication used primarily for the treatment of schistosomiasis, a disease caused by parasitic flatworms known as schistosomes. It is a derivative of praziquantel, which is widely used for the same purpose. Arpraziquantel is being developed to improve the treatment of schistosomiasis, particularly in pediatric populations.

Mechanism of Action

Arpraziquantel works by causing severe spasms and paralysis of the worms' muscles. This action is believed to be due to an increase in the permeability of the worms' cell membranes to calcium ions. The resulting muscle contractions lead to the dislodgement of the worms from the blood vessels and their subsequent death.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetics of arpraziquantel are similar to those of praziquantel. It is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. The drug and its metabolites are primarily excreted in the urine.

Clinical Use

Arpraziquantel is used to treat schistosomiasis, which is prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in areas with poor sanitation. The drug is effective against all major species of schistosomes, including Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma haematobium, and Schistosoma japonicum.

Development and Research

Arpraziquantel is currently under development to address the limitations of praziquantel, especially in young children who may have difficulty swallowing the large tablets of praziquantel. Research is ongoing to determine the optimal dosing and formulation for pediatric use.

Side Effects

The side effects of arpraziquantel are similar to those of praziquantel and may include dizziness, headache, nausea, abdominal pain, and fatigue. These side effects are generally mild and transient.

Related Pages

• Schistosomiasis
• Praziquantel
• Anthelmintic
• Flatworm
• Schistosome