Arterial arcades

The arterial arcades (intermesenteric arterial anastomoses or Riolan arcades) are a series of anastomosing arterial arches between the arterial branches of the jejunum and ileum. Nearest the duodenum the mesenteric loops are primary, the vasa recta are long and regular in distribution, and the translucent spaces (lunettes) are extensive. Toward the ileocolic junction, secondary and tertiary loops are observed, the vessels are smaller and become obscured by numerous fat-tabs.

Arterial Arcades - Anatomy

Arterial arcades refer to a series of interconnected arterial loops typically found in the mesentery, which primarily supply blood to the intestines. These arcades are vital for ensuring adequate blood supply, even if one of the primary arteries becomes occluded.

Structure

Arterial arcades arise from the superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery, which are the primary arterial blood supplies to the midgut and hindgut respectively.

The arcades form a network of looping vessels, providing redundancy in the blood supply. This ensures that if one segment of an artery becomes compromised, the area it supplies can still receive oxygenated blood through alternate routes.

Function

• Redundancy: The primary function of the arterial arcades is to provide redundancy in the blood supply, protecting the intestines from ischemic events.
• Distribution: They also help in evenly distributing blood across the length and breadth of the intestines, ensuring optimal functioning of the digestive system.

Clinical Significance

Understanding the structure and function of arterial arcades is crucial during surgical procedures involving the intestines, as inadvertent damage could result in compromised blood flow and subsequent ischemia.

References

• Gray, H. (1918). Anatomy of the Human Body. Lea & Febiger. [1]
• Skandalakis, John E., et al. Skandalakis' surgical anatomy: the embryologic and anatomic basis of modern surgery. PMP, 2004.