Arteries of the head and neck

Arteries of the Head and Neck are a complex network of blood vessels that supply oxygenated blood to the tissues of the head and neck. These arteries originate from the aorta, the main and largest artery in the human body.

Anatomy

The main arteries of the head and neck include the common carotid artery, external carotid artery, internal carotid artery, and vertebral artery.

Common Carotid Artery

The common carotid artery is a major artery that supplies blood to the head and neck. It originates from the brachiocephalic trunk on the right side and directly from the aorta on the left side. Each common carotid artery divides into the external and internal carotid arteries.

External Carotid Artery

The external carotid artery supplies blood to the face and neck. It has several branches, including the superior thyroid artery, lingual artery, facial artery, and maxillary artery.

Internal Carotid Artery

The internal carotid artery supplies blood to the brain. It does not have any branches in the neck.

Vertebral Artery

The vertebral artery is one of the major arteries of the neck. It supplies blood to the posterior part of the brain.

Clinical Significance

The arteries of the head and neck are crucial for supplying oxygenated blood to the brain. Any blockage or damage to these arteries can lead to serious conditions such as stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

See Also

• Circulatory system
• Carotid artery dissection
• Carotid artery stenosis
• Vertebral artery dissection