Arthrofibrosis

Arthrofibrosis is a complication of injury or trauma where an excessive scar tissue response leads to painful restriction of joint motion, with stiffness and loss of function. It can be a complication of knee replacement or anterior cruciate ligament surgery, with scar tissue or fibrosis forming within the joint.

Causes

Arthrofibrosis can be caused by initial injury to the joint, such as a sprain, or by surgical procedures. The body's natural response to injury is to create scar tissue, but in arthrofibrosis, this process is excessive and restricts joint movement.

Symptoms

Symptoms of arthrofibrosis include stiffness, pain, swelling, and a decrease in range of motion. The symptoms can occur in any joint but are particularly common in the knee.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of arthrofibrosis is typically made through a combination of patient history, physical examination, and imaging studies. MRI can be particularly useful in identifying the extent of the fibrosis.

Treatment

Treatment options for arthrofibrosis include physical therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and surgery. The goal of treatment is to restore joint function and reduce pain.

See also

• Knee replacement
• Anterior cruciate ligament
• MRI
• Physical therapy
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug