Arthus

Arthus reaction is a type of local type III hypersensitivity reaction in which an antigen and antibody combine and deposit in the walls of the local blood vessels, leading to inflammation and potential tissue damage. This reaction is named after the French scientist Nicolas Maurice Arthus, who first described it in 1903.

Mechanism

The Arthus reaction occurs when an antigen is injected into a site that already contains antibodies against that antigen. This leads to the formation of immune complexes, which activate the complement system and attract neutrophils. The neutrophils release enzymes and reactive oxygen species, causing tissue damage.

Clinical significance

The Arthus reaction is most commonly observed in the skin, but can also occur in other organs. It is often seen in individuals who have been repeatedly exposed to the same antigen, such as in certain occupational settings or in individuals who have received multiple vaccinations. The reaction typically occurs within 4-12 hours after exposure to the antigen.

See also

• Hypersensitivity
• Immune complex
• Complement system
• Neutrophil

References

Arthus Resources
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