Arum lilies

Arum Lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) are a group of flowering plants belonging to the family Araceae. Known for their distinctive spathe and spadix structure, these plants are native to southern Africa but have been widely cultivated and naturalized in various parts of the world. Arum Lilies are popular in horticulture and floral arrangements due to their striking appearance and variety of colors.

Description

Arum Lilies are perennial plants with large, arrow-shaped leaves that can vary in color from green to variegated patterns. The flowers are not true flowers but a combination of a spathe – a large, often colorful bract – and a spadix – a spike of small flowers. The spathe can be white, yellow, pink, or even purple, making it a popular choice for gardens and floral designs. The spadix is usually yellow or orange and is surrounded by the spathe. After flowering, the plant produces a cluster of berries that can range in color from green to red.

Cultivation and Care

Cultivation of Arum Lilies requires well-drained soil rich in organic matter. They prefer a position in full sun to partial shade and require regular watering during the growing season. However, they are prone to root rot if overwatered or if the soil does not drain well. In colder climates, Arum Lilies can be grown in containers and brought indoors during winter to protect them from frost.

Varieties

There are several species and hybrids within the Zantedeschia genus, including:

• Zantedeschia aethiopica – Also known as the common white arum lily or calla lily, it is the most widely known and cultivated species.
• Zantedeschia elliottiana – Known for its yellow spathe.
• Zantedeschia rehmannii – Characterized by its pink to violet spathe.

Hybrids and cultivars have been developed to produce a wide range of colors and sizes, catering to the diverse preferences of gardeners and floral designers.

Toxicity

All parts of the Arum Lilies are toxic if ingested due to the presence of calcium oxalate crystals. These can cause irritation to the mouth and gastrointestinal tract if ingested. Pets and small children should be kept away from these plants.

Cultural Significance

Arum Lilies have been associated with various symbols and meanings throughout history. In many cultures, they are seen as symbols of purity, beauty, and resurrection. They are often used in weddings and funerals to convey these meanings.

Conservation

While Arum Lilies are widely cultivated, some species and natural habitats are under threat due to habitat destruction and over-collection. Conservation efforts are important to ensure the survival of these species in their natural habitats.