Ascending and Descending

Ascending and Descending is a lithograph print by the Dutch artist M.C. Escher, first printed in March 1960. The artwork is a notable example of the impossible objects that have become synonymous with Escher's style. Ascending and Descending depicts a large building roofed by a never-ending staircase. As the name suggests, figures can be seen both ascending and descending these stairs, which form a continuous loop, an impossible structure that defies the laws of physics and logic.

Description

The lithograph shows a large three-story structure with a roof that consists of a staircase in the form of a square loop, resembling a Penrose stairs, a type of impossible object. This staircase is inhabited by figures that are continuously ascending and descending, yet due to the impossible construction of the stairs, they never actually make any vertical progress. The figures are dressed identically in simple, monk-like robes, which adds to the surreal and timeless quality of the scene.

The structure is depicted from a high vantage point and at an angle that enhances the impossibility of the staircase. The rest of the scene is stark and devoid of any other features, focusing the viewer's attention solely on the central paradox.

Themes and Interpretations

Ascending and Descending is often interpreted as a commentary on the human condition, particularly the futility of mankind's continuous striving without achieving a higher purpose. The endless loop of the staircase can be seen as a metaphor for various cyclic and pointless human endeavors. Escher himself described his inspiration for this work as stemming from his desire to depict infinity and the paradoxical nature of human experience.

Reception and Legacy

Since its creation, Ascending and Descending has been highly regarded for its clever rendering of the impossible in a seemingly realistic style. It has been analyzed in various fields including mathematics, psychology, and philosophy, illustrating Escher's ability to cross the boundaries between art and science.

The print remains one of Escher's most popular works, often used in discussions of optical illusions and the representation of infinity. It continues to influence not only artists but also filmmakers and writers who are drawn to its thematic depth and its visual impact.

See Also

• Relativity (M.C. Escher)
• Waterfall (M.C. Escher)
• Penrose triangle