Astragalus gummifer

Astragalus gummifer is a species of milkvetch in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Western Asia and the Caucasus region. The plant is known for its gummy exudate, which is used in the production of tragacanth, a natural gum used in various industries.

Description

Astragalus gummifer is a perennial plant that grows up to 1 meter in height. It has pinnate leaves with 13-25 leaflets and produces clusters of yellow flowers. The plant's fruit is a legume pod containing several seeds.

Distribution and Habitat

Astragalus gummifer is native to the mountainous regions of Western Asia and the Caucasus. It grows in rocky and sandy soils at altitudes of 1200-2400 meters.

Uses

The most notable use of Astragalus gummifer is the production of tragacanth. The plant's stems and branches exude a gummy substance when cut, which dries to form tragacanth. This natural gum has multiple uses in various industries, including food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics. In the food industry, it is used as a thickener, stabilizer, and emulsifier. In pharmaceuticals, it is used as a binder and disintegrant in tablets. In cosmetics, it is used as a thickener and stabilizer in lotions and creams.

Cultivation

Astragalus gummifer is a hardy plant that can tolerate poor soil conditions and drought. It prefers full sun and well-drained soil. The plant can be propagated by seeds, which should be sown in a cold frame in spring.

Conservation Status

Astragalus gummifer is not currently listed as threatened or endangered. However, overharvesting for tragacanth production could potentially threaten the species in the future.

See Also

• Tragacanth
• Fabaceae
• Milkvetch