Atmospheric deposition

Atmospheric Deposition refers to the process by which atmospheric pollutants are transferred from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface. This process can occur in both wet and dry forms, and is a critical component of the global nutrient cycle.

Overview

Atmospheric deposition is a natural process that has been occurring for millions of years. However, human activities such as industrial processes, agriculture, and the burning of fossil fuels have significantly increased the rate of atmospheric deposition, leading to a range of environmental issues including acid rain, eutrophication, and soil degradation.

Types of Atmospheric Deposition

Atmospheric deposition can be categorized into two main types: wet and dry deposition.

Wet Deposition

Wet deposition refers to the removal of atmospheric pollutants through precipitation, such as rain, snow, or fog. This process is responsible for the deposition of a wide range of pollutants, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and heavy metals.

Dry Deposition

Dry deposition, on the other hand, involves the direct transfer of pollutants from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface without the involvement of precipitation. This process can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including gravitational settling, diffusion, and impaction.

Impacts of Atmospheric Deposition

The impacts of atmospheric deposition are wide-ranging and can affect a variety of ecosystems, including forests, lakes, and oceans. These impacts can include acidification, nutrient enrichment, and toxicity to plants and animals.

See Also

• Acid rain
• Eutrophication
• Soil degradation