Augustinianism

Michelangelo,_Fall_and_Expulsion_from_Garden_of_Eden_00

Augustinianism is a philosophical and theological system based on the teachings and writings of Augustine of Hippo, one of the most influential Church Fathers in Western Christianity. Augustinianism has significantly shaped Western Christianity, particularly in the areas of theology, philosophy, and ethics.

Core Beliefs

Augustinianism emphasizes the following core beliefs:

• Original Sin: Augustine taught that original sin is inherited from Adam and Eve and affects all of humanity. This doctrine underscores the need for divine grace for salvation.
• Divine Grace: Augustine believed that divine grace is essential for salvation and that humans cannot achieve salvation through their own efforts. This concept is central to Augustinian theology.
• Predestination: Augustine's views on predestination assert that God has foreordained some people to be saved and others to be damned, a belief that has influenced later theological debates, particularly during the Reformation.
• The City of God: In his work The City of God, Augustine contrasts the City of God with the City of Man, emphasizing the transient nature of earthly cities and the eternal nature of the heavenly city.

Influence

Augustinianism has had a profound impact on various aspects of Christian theology and Western philosophy:

• Medieval Scholasticism: Augustine's ideas were foundational for many medieval scholastics, including Thomas Aquinas and Anselm of Canterbury.
• Reformation: Augustine's teachings on grace and predestination significantly influenced Martin Luther and John Calvin, key figures in the Protestant Reformation.
• Modern Philosophy: Augustine's thoughts on the nature of time, memory, and the self have been explored by modern philosophers such as Henri Bergson and Martin Heidegger.

Key Works

Some of Augustine's most important works that form the basis of Augustinianism include:

• Confessions: An autobiographical work that details Augustine's sinful youth and his conversion to Christianity.
• The City of God: A monumental work that defends Christianity against pagan critics and outlines Augustine's vision of the City of God.
• On Christian Doctrine: A theological text that provides guidelines for interpreting the Bible and preaching.

Related Pages

• Augustine of Hippo
• Original sin
• Divine grace
• Predestination
• The City of God
• Confessions (Augustine)
• Medieval scholasticism
• Protestant Reformation