Back stroke

Backstroke is a swimming style that is unique among the four main strokes used in competitive events. Unlike the butterfly stroke, breaststroke, and freestyle, backstroke is performed on the swimmer's back. This article provides a detailed overview of the backstroke, including its history, technique, and competitive use.

History

The backstroke has been a part of competitive swimming since the late 19th century. It was first introduced in the 1896 Summer Olympics, although it did not become an official event until the 1900 Summer Olympics. The stroke has evolved significantly over the years, with swimmers and coaches continually refining the technique to increase speed and efficiency.

Technique

The backstroke technique involves a combination of arm movements, leg kicks, and body rotation. The swimmer starts on their back and propels themselves through the water by alternating arm movements. The arms move in a windmill motion, with one arm pulling under the water while the other arm recovers above the water. The flutter kick is used, which involves alternating up-and-down movements of the legs. Body rotation is also a key component of the backstroke, as it helps to increase propulsion and reduce drag.

Competitive Use

In competitive swimming, the backstroke is used in individual and relay events. The 100 meter backstroke and 200 meter backstroke are standard events in both the Olympic Games and the FINA World Championships. In relay events, the backstroke is often the first leg of the medley relay, which also includes the butterfly, breaststroke, and freestyle.

See Also

• Swimming (sport)
• List of swimming styles
• Swimming at the Summer Olympics
• FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)