Balsaminaceae

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Balsaminaceae

The Balsaminaceae is a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the balsam family. This family is part of the order Ericales and consists of two genera: Impatiens and Hydrocera. The family is known for its distinctive flowers and explosive seed dispersal mechanisms.

Impatiens glandulifera, a member of the Balsaminaceae family

Description

Members of the Balsaminaceae family are typically herbaceous plants, although some species can be shrubs. They are characterized by their succulent stems and simple, often spirally arranged leaves. The flowers are usually zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) and come in a variety of colors. The fruit is a capsule that opens explosively to disperse seeds, a trait particularly notable in the genus Impatiens.

Distribution

The Balsaminaceae family is widely distributed, with species found in tropical and temperate regions. The highest diversity of species is found in Southeast Asia and Africa. Some species, such as Impatiens walleriana, are popular in horticulture and have been introduced to various parts of the world.

Genera

The Balsaminaceae family consists of two genera:

• Impatiens - This is the largest genus in the family, with over 1,000 species. It includes well-known species such as Impatiens balsamina and Impatiens capensis.
• Hydrocera - This genus is monotypic, containing only one species, Hydrocera triflora.

Ecology

Species of the Balsaminaceae family are often found in moist, shaded environments. They play a significant role in their ecosystems, providing nectar for pollinators such as bees and butterflies. The explosive seed dispersal mechanism helps in the rapid colonization of suitable habitats.

Uses

Several species of the Balsaminaceae family are cultivated for ornamental purposes. Impatiens walleriana and Impatiens hawkeri are popular garden plants known for their vibrant flowers and ease of care. Some species are also used in traditional medicine for their purported anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties.

Related Pages

• Ericales
• Impatiens
• Hydrocera
• Flowering plant
• Seed dispersal