Barrelhouse

Barrelhouse refers to a style of music and the type of venue associated with the early development of blues music. This article explores the characteristics of barrelhouse music, its historical context, and its influence on later musical genres.

Definition and Characteristics

Barrelhouse music is a robust form of piano-based blues characterized by its raucous, rhythmic style which was conducive to the noisy environments of the makeshift "barrelhouse" taverns. These establishments were often created in the shantytowns and along the railroads and river camps of the American South, where barrels of liquor were a common sight, hence the name. The music is noted for its fast tempo, repetitive bass figures, and strong, percussive style.

Historical Context

The origins of barrelhouse music can be traced back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries in the Southern United States. It was primarily performed by itinerant musicians who traveled from one makeshift bar to another. The style was heavily influenced by earlier forms of African American music, such as field hollers, spirituals, and ragtime. As these musicians traveled, they spread and also absorbed local musical styles, contributing to the rich tapestry of the blues.

Influence on Other Genres

Barrelhouse played a crucial role in the evolution of boogie-woogie piano style, which later influenced rock and roll and rhythm and blues. Musicians like Pinetop Smith and Albert Ammons were pioneers who transitioned from traditional barrelhouse to more structured boogie-woogie music during the 1920s and 1930s.

Notable Musicians

Several key figures in the history of barrelhouse music include:

• Roosevelt Sykes - Known for his honey-dripping sing-song style, Sykes was a prominent barrelhouse pianist whose career spanned several decades.
• Memphis Slim - Another influential figure, Memphis Slim brought a more polished form of the barrelhouse style to the urban blues scene.

Legacy

Today, barrelhouse music is celebrated for its historical importance and its contribution to the broader spectrum of American music. It is often featured in blues festivals and retrospectives, highlighting its enduring appeal and influence.

See Also

• Blues
• Boogie-woogie
• American music history