Base sequence analysis
Base sequence analysis is a process used in molecular biology and genetics to determine the order of nucleotides within a DNA or RNA molecule. This sequence of nucleotides forms the genetic code that guides the development and function of living organisms.
Overview[edit | edit source]
The base sequence of a DNA or RNA molecule is the precise order of its nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. The four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine, abbreviated as A, T, G, and C, respectively. In RNA, thymine is replaced by uracil (U).
Techniques[edit | edit source]
Several techniques are used in base sequence analysis, including:
- Sanger sequencing: This method, developed by Frederick Sanger, uses chain-terminating inhibitors to produce DNA fragments of varying lengths. The fragments are then separated by electrophoresis, and the sequence is read from the lengths of the fragments.
- Next-generation sequencing: This is a high-throughput method that can sequence millions of fragments simultaneously. It uses various techniques, including pyrosequencing, sequencing by synthesis, and ion semiconductor sequencing.
- Third-generation sequencing: This method sequences single molecules of DNA or RNA in real time, allowing for longer read lengths and the detection of modifications to the base sequence.
Applications[edit | edit source]
Base sequence analysis has numerous applications in various fields, including:
- Genomics: It is used to sequence entire genomes, which can provide insights into the genetic makeup of organisms and help identify genes associated with diseases.
- Phylogenetics: It is used to compare the base sequences of different species to determine their evolutionary relationships.
- Forensics: It is used in DNA profiling to identify individuals or determine paternity.
- Personalized medicine: It is used to identify genetic variations that may affect an individual's response to certain drugs.
See also[edit | edit source]
 | This genetics article is a stub. You can help WikiMD by expanding it. |
 | This molecular biology article is a stub. You can help WikiMD by expanding it. |
  | This bioinformatics-related article is a stub. You can help WikiMD by expanding it. |
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
|
WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia |
| Let Food Be Thy Medicine Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates |
Translate this page: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.
Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
