Beaufort scale

Beaufort scale is an empirical measure for describing wind speed based on observed sea conditions. It is named after Sir Francis Beaufort, a hydrographer and British Royal Navy officer.

History

The Beaufort scale was devised in 1805 by Sir Francis Beaufort, an officer in the Royal Navy, to standardize the description of wind force at sea. It was initially used exclusively by the navy, but was later extended to include descriptions of effects on land features as well.

Description

The Beaufort scale is a scale for measuring wind speeds. It is based on observation rather than accurate measurement. It is the most widely used system to measure wind speed today. The scale starts with 0 and goes up to 12. The Beaufort scale is still in use today, primarily in maritime contexts.

Scale Levels

The Beaufort scale is divided into thirteen levels, from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane). Each level is associated with specific wind speeds, descriptions of the effects on sea conditions, and descriptions of the effects on land.

At Sea

At sea, the Beaufort scale is used to estimate wind speed based on the physical effects of the wind on the ocean surface. For example, a Beaufort number of 3 corresponds to a gentle breeze and wave height of 60 centimeters to 1 meter.

On Land

On land, the Beaufort scale is used to estimate wind speed based on the physical effects of the wind on natural and man-made features. For example, a Beaufort number of 6 corresponds to a strong breeze that can cause trees to sway and can make walking difficult.

See Also

• Wind speed
• Meteorology
• Francis Beaufort