Behavioral inhibition

Behavioral inhibition is a psychological term referring to a temperament or personality style characterized by a pattern of behavior involving fear, avoidance, or withdrawal in situations that are novel or unfamiliar. It is often associated with traits such as shyness, fearfulness, and social withdrawal. Behavioral inhibition is considered a risk factor for the development of anxiety disorders, particularly social anxiety disorder.

Definition

Behavioral inhibition is defined as a consistent tendency to show fear and withdrawal in unfamiliar situations, people, or environments. It is a temperament that is evident from infancy and can persist into adulthood. Behavioral inhibition is not a disorder, but rather a temperament that can influence an individual's behavior and interactions with the environment.

Development

Behavioral inhibition is typically identified in early childhood. Infants and young children who are behaviorally inhibited tend to be more reactive to unfamiliar stimuli and may show signs of fear or withdrawal in new situations. Over time, these children may develop a pattern of avoidance and withdrawal, which can persist into adolescence and adulthood.

Measurement

Behavioral inhibition can be measured through observational methods, parent reports, and self-reports. Observational methods often involve exposing the child to unfamiliar situations or novel stimuli and observing their reactions. Parent reports and self-reports can provide additional information about the child's behavior in different contexts.

Relation to Anxiety Disorders

Behavioral inhibition is considered a risk factor for the development of anxiety disorders. Children who are behaviorally inhibited are more likely to develop anxiety disorders, particularly social anxiety disorder, in adolescence or adulthood. However, not all children who are behaviorally inhibited will develop an anxiety disorder.

Treatment

Treatment for behavioral inhibition often involves cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT can help individuals learn to manage their fear and avoidance behaviors, and develop more adaptive coping strategies. In some cases, medication may also be used to manage symptoms of anxiety.

See Also

• Temperament
• Anxiety disorders
• Social anxiety disorder
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy