Valdecoxib

Valdecoxib

Valdecoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that was used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and menstrual pain. It is a selective COX-2 inhibitor that was marketed under the brand name Bextra by Pfizer.

History

Valdecoxib was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States in 2001. However, it was withdrawn from the market in 2005 due to concerns about an increased risk of heart attack and stroke, as well as serious skin reactions.

Pharmacology

Valdecoxib works by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which is involved in the production of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins play a key role in the body's inflammatory response. By inhibiting COX-2, valdecoxib reduces inflammation and pain.

Side Effects

Common side effects of valdecoxib include nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Serious side effects can include an increased risk of heart attack and stroke, especially in those with pre-existing heart disease or risk factors for heart disease. Valdecoxib can also cause serious skin reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Withdrawal from Market

In April 2005, the FDA requested that Pfizer withdraw valdecoxib from the market. This decision was based on the results of a study that showed an increased risk of heart attack and stroke in patients taking valdecoxib, as well as reports of serious skin reactions. Pfizer complied with the FDA's request and voluntarily withdrew valdecoxib from the market.

See Also

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• COX-2 inhibitor
• Pfizer
• Food and Drug Administration