Prostaglandins

Prostaglandins are a group of lipid compounds that are derived enzymatically from fatty acids and have important functions in the animal body. They were discovered by Swedish scientist Ulf von Euler in 1935.

Structure and synthesis

Prostaglandins are 20-carbon molecules that are composed of a five-membered ring and two side chains. They are synthesized from arachidonic acid, a 20-carbon fatty acid, in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme cyclooxygenase.

Functions

Prostaglandins have a wide range of functions in the body. They are involved in the regulation of inflammation, blood flow, the formation of blood clots, and the induction of labor. They also play a role in the regulation of body temperature, the perception of pain, and the formation of stomach ulcers.

Clinical significance

Prostaglandins have been implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and asthma. They are also involved in the mechanism of action of certain drugs, such as aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

See also

• Eicosanoid
• Prostaglandin E2
• Prostaglandin D2
• Prostaglandin F2 alpha
• Prostaglandin I2
• Thromboxane

External links

• Prostaglandins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Prostaglandins Resources
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