Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of drugs that provide analgesic (pain-killing) and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects, and, in higher doses, anti-inflammatory effects.

Classification[edit | edit source]

NSAIDs are usually classified based on their chemical structure. Classes include salicylates, propionic acid derivatives, acetic acid derivatives, enolic acid (Oxicam) derivatives, anthranilic acid derivatives (fenamates), and selective COX-2 inhibitors.

Mechanism of action[edit | edit source]

NSAIDs work by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and/or COX-2). In cells, these enzymes are involved in the synthesis of key biological mediators, namely prostaglandins which are involved in inflammation, and thromboxanes, which are involved in blood clotting.

Uses[edit | edit source]

NSAIDs are used to treat pain, inflammation, and fever. In addition, some NSAIDs, such as aspirin, have antiplatelet effects and are used in long-term low-doses to prevent heart attacks and strokes.

Side effects[edit | edit source]

Common side effects of NSAIDs include stomach upset, heartburn, and a rash. More severe side effects include kidney problems, stomach ulcers, and an increased risk of heart disease.

See also[edit | edit source]

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Resources
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