Bichloride of mercury

Bichloride of Mercury also known as Mercuric Chloride or Mercury(II) Chloride, is a chemical compound with the formula HgCl2. It is a white crystalline solid and a powerful toxic substance that was once used in medicine and various industrial applications.

History

Bichloride of Mercury was first prepared in the early 19th century and was commonly used in medicine until the mid-20th century. It was used as a disinfectant, antiseptic, and preservative. However, due to its high toxicity and the availability of safer alternatives, its use in medicine has been largely discontinued.

Properties and Preparation

Bichloride of Mercury is a white crystalline solid at room temperature. It is highly soluble in water and ethanol. It can be prepared by reacting Mercury with Chlorine.

Uses

Despite its toxicity, Bichloride of Mercury has been used in various applications. In medicine, it was used as a disinfectant and antiseptic. In industry, it was used in the manufacture of other chemicals and as a catalyst in some chemical reactions. It was also used in photography for intensifying negatives.

Toxicity and Safety

Bichloride of Mercury is highly toxic. Exposure can lead to mercury poisoning, which can cause severe health effects including damage to the nervous system and kidneys. It is also harmful to the environment, as it can bioaccumulate in the food chain.

See Also

• Mercury Poisoning
• Mercury
• Chlorine

References

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