Bile acid sequestrant

Bile acid sequestrants are a class of drugs primarily used to treat hypercholesterolemia, or high levels of cholesterol in the blood. They function by binding to bile acids in the digestive system and promoting their excretion, thereby reducing the reabsorption of cholesterol.

Mechanism of Action

Bile acid sequestrants work by binding to bile acids in the small intestine. Bile acids are produced in the liver from cholesterol and are important for the digestion and absorption of dietary fats. By binding to these acids, bile acid sequestrants prevent their reabsorption into the bloodstream. This causes the liver to use more cholesterol to produce more bile acids, which in turn lowers the level of cholesterol in the blood.

Uses

Bile acid sequestrants are primarily used to lower LDL ("bad") cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia. They may be used alone or in combination with other cholesterol-lowering medications, such as statins or fibrates. In addition, they may be used to treat pruritus (itching) associated with certain liver and biliary diseases.

Side Effects

Common side effects of bile acid sequestrants include gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation, bloating, and nausea. These side effects can often be managed by adjusting the dose or taking the medication with meals.

Examples

Examples of bile acid sequestrants include cholestyramine, colestipol, and colesevelam. These drugs are available in various forms, including tablets, powders, and granules.

See Also

• Cholesterol
• Hypercholesterolemia
• Statins
• Fibrates