Bilevel positive airway pressure

Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) is a type of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) that is often used in the management of sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and other conditions that cause difficulty in breathing.

Overview

BiPAP is a method of breathing support that is often used to treat central sleep apnea and severe obstructive sleep apnea. The BiPAP device delivers pressurized air through a mask to the patient's airways. The air pressure helps keep the throat muscles from collapsing and reduces obstructions by acting as an 'air splint'.

Function

BiPAP works by delivering two levels of pressure: Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure (IPAP) and Expiratory Positive Airway Pressure (EPAP). The higher pressure is needed for inhalation, while the lower pressure works for exhalation. This system allows the person to get more air in and out of their lungs without the natural muscular effort needed to do so.

Usage

BiPAP can be used in hospitals, and it's also suitable for home use for those who need therapy for chronic respiratory conditions. It is often used for patients with neuromuscular disease, COPD, and heart failure. It can also be used in more acute settings such as hospitals to help improve oxygenation.

Benefits and Risks

The main benefit of BiPAP is that it can help to reduce the work of breathing, improve oxygenation, and reduce the need for intubation. However, like any medical treatment, it also has potential risks. These may include discomfort, dry nose, sore throat, and stomach bloating.

See Also

• Continuous positive airway pressure
• Mechanical ventilation
• Sleep apnea
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease