Bitewing

Bitewing

A bitewing is a type of dental radiograph (X-ray) that is used primarily to detect cavities between the teeth and changes in bone density caused by gum disease. It is an essential diagnostic tool in dentistry, providing detailed images of the crowns of the upper and lower teeth in a single area of the mouth.

Overview

Bitewing radiographs are named for the small tab or "wing" on which the patient bites to hold the film or sensor in place during the X-ray exposure. This positioning allows the dentist to capture a clear image of the interproximal areas, which are the spaces between adjacent teeth. These areas are often difficult to examine visually, making bitewings invaluable for early detection of dental caries (cavities) and periodontal disease.

Technique

The procedure for taking a bitewing X-ray involves the following steps:

1. Preparation: The patient is seated comfortably, and a lead apron is placed over their torso to protect them from unnecessary radiation exposure. 2. Positioning: The dental professional places the bitewing film or digital sensor in the patient’s mouth, aligning it with the teeth to be imaged. The patient bites down on the tab to hold the film or sensor in place. 3. Exposure: The X-ray machine is positioned to direct the beam at the appropriate angle to capture the desired image. The exposure is brief, usually lasting only a fraction of a second. 4. Processing: If traditional film is used, it is developed in a darkroom. Digital sensors provide immediate images on a computer screen.

Applications

Bitewing radiographs are primarily used for:

- Detection of Interproximal Caries: They are the most effective method for identifying cavities between teeth, which are not visible during a regular oral examination. - Assessment of Bone Levels: Bitewings help in evaluating the bone height around teeth, which is crucial for diagnosing periodontal disease. - Monitoring Dental Restorations: They are used to check the fit and integrity of dental restorations such as crowns and fillings.

Advantages

- Non-invasive: Bitewings provide a non-invasive way to examine the teeth and supporting structures. - Quick and Efficient: The procedure is quick, typically taking only a few minutes. - Low Radiation Exposure: Modern digital bitewing X-rays use minimal radiation compared to older film-based methods.

Limitations

- Limited View: Bitewings do not show the entire tooth, particularly the roots, and are not suitable for detecting issues such as root fractures or abscesses. - Patient Discomfort: Some patients may find the process of biting on the tab uncomfortable.

Also see

• Dental Radiography
• Panoramic Radiograph
• Dental Caries
• Periodontal Disease