Biting fly

Biting fly refers to any species of fly that is hematophagous or feeds on blood from living vertebrates. This group includes various species such as horse flies, deer flies, black flies, sand flies, and mosquitoes. Biting flies are found worldwide and are particularly common in tropical and subtropical regions.

Biology and Behavior

Biting flies exhibit a wide range of behaviors and adaptations that allow them to effectively locate and feed on their hosts. Many species are attracted to carbon dioxide and heat, which are emitted by potential hosts. Some species also use visual cues, such as movement or contrast against the background, to locate their hosts.

The mouthparts of biting flies are adapted for piercing skin and sucking blood. In many species, the females are the ones that feed on blood, which they require to produce eggs. The males, on the other hand, feed on nectar.

Impact on Humans and Animals

Biting flies are a significant nuisance to humans and animals. Their bites can be painful and can cause reactions ranging from mild irritation to severe allergic responses. In addition, biting flies can transmit a variety of diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, and leishmaniasis.

Control and Prevention

Control of biting flies primarily involves reducing potential breeding sites, such as standing water for mosquitoes, and using insecticides. Personal protection measures include wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, using insect repellent, and avoiding areas and times of day when biting flies are most active.

See Also

• Insect bite
• Vector (epidemiology)
• Insect repellent

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