Bohol

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Bohol is an island province of the Philippines located in the Central Visayas region, consisting of Bohol Island and 75 minor surrounding islands. Its capital is Tagbilaran. Known for its Chocolate Hills, ancient churches, and white sand beaches, Bohol is a popular tourist destination. The province is also home to the tarsier, one of the world's smallest primates.

Geography

Bohol is the tenth largest island in the Philippines, surrounded by other islands, primarily Cebu to the west, Leyte to the northeast, and Mindanao to the south across the Bohol Sea. The terrain of Bohol is mainly rolling and hilly, and the island is known for its unique geological formations, notably the Chocolate Hills, a series of 1,268 perfectly cone-shaped hills that turn brown during the dry season, resembling chocolate mounds.

History

The history of Bohol goes back to the 12th century when it had a flourishing trade with neighboring areas. Spanish explorers arrived in the 16th century, and Bohol became a Jesuit mission center. The island is also known for the Blood Compact between Spanish explorer Miguel López de Legazpi and Datu Sikatuna, a native chieftain, signifying a treaty of friendship.

Culture

Bohol's culture is a blend of indigenous and Spanish influences. Traditional music, dance, and festivals, such as the Sandugo Festival commemorating the Blood Compact, play a significant role in Boholanos' lives. The province is also known for its heritage churches, particularly the Baclayon Church, one of the oldest in the country.

Economy

Agriculture, tourism, and fishing are the mainstays of Bohol's economy. The province is a significant producer of rice, coconut, and corn. Tourism has grown substantially, with attractions like the Chocolate Hills, Panglao Island, and the Philippine Tarsier Sanctuary drawing visitors from around the world.

Biodiversity

Bohol is noted for its biodiversity, with various species of flora and fauna. The Philippine tarsier, a small primate, is a symbol of the island and a key attraction. The province's marine life, including the Danajon Bank, one of the few double barrier reefs in the world, is also remarkable.

Transportation

The province is accessible by air and sea. The Bohol-Panglao International Airport on Panglao Island serves as the gateway to the province, offering flights to and from major cities in the Philippines. Ferry services connect Bohol with neighboring islands and provinces.

Education

Bohol is home to several higher education institutions, including the University of Bohol and Bohol Island State University, offering various undergraduate and graduate programs.

Challenges

Bohol faces challenges such as environmental degradation, particularly in coastal areas due to overfishing and illegal fishing practices. Efforts are being made to promote sustainable tourism and agriculture to preserve the island's natural resources and biodiversity.