Boron trifluoride

Boron Trifluoride is a binary compound of boron and fluorine with the chemical formula BF₃. This colorless gas is a valuable reagent in organic synthesis and has a pungent odor.

Chemical Properties

Boron Trifluoride is a planar molecule due to the arrangement of the three fluorine atoms around the central boron atom. The boron atom is sp² hybridized, resulting in a trigonal planar geometry. The molecule is electron deficient with an empty p-orbital perpendicular to the plane of the molecule.

Physical Properties

Boron Trifluoride is a colorless, toxic gas at room temperature and pressure. It has a boiling point of -100.3°C and a melting point of -126.8°C. It is highly soluble in water and forms hydrofluoric acid and boric acid upon hydrolysis.

Production

Boron Trifluoride is primarily produced by the reaction of boron oxides with hydrogen fluoride. The reaction is highly exothermic and is carried out in a fluidized bed reactor.

Applications

Boron Trifluoride is widely used as a catalyst in organic synthesis for the preparation of various organic compounds. It is also used in the manufacture of high-performance fibers, in the petrochemical industry, and in the production of boron-containing materials.

Safety

Boron Trifluoride is a highly corrosive and toxic gas. It can cause severe burns and eye damage. It is also harmful if inhaled and can cause respiratory irritation.

See Also

• Boron
• Fluorine
• Chemical compound
• Organic synthesis