Brake

Disc brake

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Drum brake testrender

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Bicycle caliper brake highlighted

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2008-05-05 1990 Geo Storm GSi vacuum servo

Brake refers to a mechanical device that inhibits motion by absorbing energy from a moving system. It is used for slowing down or stopping a moving vehicle, wheel, axle, or to prevent its motion, most often accomplished by means of friction.

Types of Brakes

There are several types of brakes, each with its own specific application and mechanism. The most common types include:

• Disc Brakes: These are the most common type of brake for vehicles. They consist of a disc attached to the wheel with calipers squeezing the disc to create friction.
• Drum Brakes: Drum brakes work by a set of brake shoes that press outwards against a rotating drum-shaped part called a brake drum.
• Regenerative Brakes: This type of brake is commonly used in electric and hybrid vehicles. It works by converting the vehicle's kinetic energy into electrical energy, which is then stored and used to recharge the vehicle's batteries.
• Air Brakes: These are used primarily in buses and heavy trucks. Air brakes use compressed air to create the friction needed to slow down the vehicle.
• Hydraulic Brakes: Hydraulic brakes transmit brake pedal force to the brake shoes through a fluid. They are widely used in cars and motorcycles.

Brake Components

The effectiveness of a brake system depends on the quality and condition of its components, which include:

• Brake Pads: In disc brakes, these are the parts that apply pressure and friction to the disc to slow down or stop the vehicle.
• Brake Shoes: In drum brakes, these carry the brake lining in the drum brakes which press against the drum.
• Brake Lining: The material that creates friction against the drum or disc. It can wear out over time and needs to be replaced.
• Brake Fluid: Used in hydraulic brakes, it transfers force into pressure to the brakes.
• Brake Caliper: In disc brakes, the caliper holds the brake pads and straddles the disc. It applies and releases the brake pads against the disc.

Brake Maintenance

Regular maintenance is crucial for the brake system to function effectively. This includes:

• Checking the brake pads and shoes for wear and replacing them when necessary.
• Inspecting the brake fluid level and quality, replacing it at intervals recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
• Ensuring that the brake lines, hoses, and other components are in good condition and free from leaks.

Safety and Regulations

Brake systems are subject to safety standards and regulations to ensure the safety of the vehicle's occupants and the public. These regulations vary by country but generally include requirements for performance, maintenance, and inspection.

Conclusion

Brakes are a critical component of any vehicle, ensuring safety by allowing the driver to control the speed and halt when necessary. Understanding the different types of brakes, their components, and the importance of maintenance can help in ensuring that a vehicle's brake system remains effective and safe over time.