Breath carbon monoxide

Breath Carbon Monoxide

A breath carbon monoxide monitor device

Breath carbon monoxide (CO) is a measure of the amount of carbon monoxide present in a person's exhaled breath. This measurement is often used as an indicator of carbon monoxide poisoning, smoking status, and exposure to environmental CO. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that can be harmful when inhaled in large quantities.

Measurement

Breath carbon monoxide is typically measured using a device known as a breath CO monitor. These devices are non-invasive and provide immediate results. The individual being tested is asked to take a deep breath and hold it for a few seconds before exhaling into the device. The monitor then analyzes the breath sample and provides a reading of the CO concentration, usually in parts per million (ppm).

A person using a breath CO monitor

Applications

Smoking Cessation

Breath carbon monoxide testing is commonly used in smoking cessation programs. Smokers typically have higher levels of CO in their breath compared to non-smokers. By measuring breath CO levels, healthcare providers can assess a smoker's exposure to tobacco smoke and monitor their progress in quitting smoking. A decrease in breath CO levels is often seen as a positive indicator of reduced smoking or successful cessation.

Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

In cases of suspected carbon monoxide poisoning, breath CO measurement can be a useful diagnostic tool. Elevated levels of CO in the breath can indicate recent exposure to high levels of carbon monoxide, which can occur in poorly ventilated spaces with malfunctioning fuel-burning appliances.

Environmental Exposure

Breath CO monitoring can also be used to assess exposure to environmental sources of carbon monoxide, such as vehicle exhaust or industrial emissions. This is particularly important for individuals living or working in areas with high levels of air pollution.

Interpretation of Results

The interpretation of breath carbon monoxide levels depends on the context of the measurement. In general, non-smokers have breath CO levels of less than 6 ppm, while smokers may have levels ranging from 10 to 20 ppm or higher, depending on the number of cigarettes smoked and the time since the last cigarette. Levels above 20 ppm may indicate significant exposure to carbon monoxide, either from smoking or environmental sources.

Limitations

While breath CO monitoring is a useful tool, it has limitations. It provides a snapshot of CO exposure at a single point in time and may not reflect long-term exposure. Additionally, factors such as recent exercise, diet, and environmental conditions can affect breath CO levels.

Related Pages

• Carbon monoxide poisoning
• Smoking cessation
• Air pollution