Brodmann area 28

Brodmann area 28 (BA28) is a region of the cerebral cortex in the brain. It is part of the parahippocampal gyrus and is located in the temporal lobe. This area is also known as the entorhinal cortex, which plays a crucial role in memory, navigation, and the perception of time.

Anatomy

Brodmann area 28 is situated in the medial temporal lobe, adjacent to Brodmann area 34 and Brodmann area 27. It is bordered by the perirhinal cortex and the hippocampus. The entorhinal cortex is divided into six layers, each with distinct cellular compositions and functions.

Function

The primary function of BA28 is related to memory formation and spatial navigation. It serves as a major input and output hub for the hippocampal formation, which is essential for the consolidation of short-term memory to long-term memory. The entorhinal cortex also plays a role in the processing of olfactory information.

Clinical Significance

Damage to Brodmann area 28 can result in significant memory impairment and spatial disorientation. It is often studied in the context of Alzheimer's disease, where early degeneration of the entorhinal cortex is observed. This degeneration is associated with the initial symptoms of memory loss and cognitive decline.

Research

Recent studies have focused on the role of BA28 in neuroplasticity and its potential involvement in neurodegenerative diseases. Research has also explored the entorhinal cortex's role in grid cells and place cells, which are crucial for spatial memory and navigation.

See Also

• Brodmann area
• Temporal lobe
• Hippocampus
• Memory
• Alzheimer's disease