Brownian movement

Brownian Movement is a phenomenon observed in the field of physics and chemistry, named after the British scientist Robert Brown. It refers to the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid (a liquid or a gas) resulting from their collision with the fast-moving molecules in the fluid.

History

The phenomenon of Brownian Movement was first observed by the botanist Robert Brown in 1827. Brown was studying pollen particles floating in water under a microscope when he noticed that the particles moved through the water in a random, erratic manner. This movement was later named "Brownian Movement" in his honor.

Explanation

The random motion of the particles is caused by the collision of the particles with the molecules of the fluid in which they are suspended. This is due to the kinetic energy of the molecules, which is transferred to the particles during the collision, causing them to move.

Mathematical Model

The mathematical model of Brownian Movement is described by the Wiener process, also known as the Brownian motion process. This model is used in various fields such as mathematical finance, quantum mechanics, and statistical physics.

Applications

Brownian Movement has several applications in different fields. In physics, it is used to calculate the size of molecules and their motion. In biology, it is used to understand the behavior of cells and other microscopic organisms. In finance, it is used in the modeling of stock market prices.

See Also

• Random walk
• Diffusion
• Kinetic theory of gases