Bukhara

Suzani, Bukhara pre-1850

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M17 Abassides Sogdiane 2 (8011745146)

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Fires in Bukhara 1920

Bukhara is a city in Uzbekistan that serves as the administrative center of Bukhara Region. It is one of the oldest cities in Central Asia, with a history that stretches back over two millennia. Bukhara has been a hub of trade, culture, and religion throughout its history, playing a significant role in the development of the Silk Road. The city is renowned for its well-preserved medieval architecture and is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

History

The history of Bukhara dates back to at least the 1st millennium BC. It was a prominent stop on the Silk Road, linking the East and the West. Bukhara became a center of learning, culture, and religion, particularly Islam, with numerous madrasas, mosques, and mausoleums constructed throughout the Islamic Golden Age. The city was conquered by the Arabs in the 8th century and later became part of the Samanid Empire, reaching its cultural zenith in the 9th and 10th centuries. In the subsequent centuries, Bukhara came under the rule of various empires, including the Mongol Empire and the Timurid dynasty, each leaving a lasting impact on the city's architecture and culture.

Geography

Bukhara is located in the southwestern part of Uzbekistan, near the Amu Darya river. The city's landscape is characterized by its historic urban fabric set in a semi-arid, continental climate, which has influenced the traditional architectural practices, particularly in terms of water management and adobe construction.

Culture

Bukhara's culture is a rich tapestry woven from its long history and diverse influences. The city is famous for its historic center, which contains hundreds of protected buildings dating back to the medieval period. Notable landmarks include the Kalyan Minaret, the Ark of Bukhara, and the Samanid Mausoleum. Bukhara's artisans are known for their traditional crafts, such as carpet weaving, metal engraving, and embroidery, which continue to thrive.

Economy

The economy of Bukhara has traditionally been based on trade, agriculture, and craftsmanship. In recent years, tourism has become a significant sector, with visitors drawn to the city's historic sites, cultural festivals, and markets. Bukhara also benefits from its natural gas reserves, which contribute to the region's industrial activities.

Education

Bukhara is home to several institutions of higher education, including Bukhara State University. The city's rich scholarly tradition, dating back to the Islamic Golden Age, continues to influence its educational institutions, which offer studies in a wide range of fields, from Islamic theology to modern sciences.

Transport

Bukhara is accessible by road, rail, and air. The city has its own airport, Bukhara International Airport, which connects it to domestic and international destinations. The extensive road and rail networks facilitate travel within Uzbekistan and to neighboring countries.

See Also

• Silk Road
• Islamic architecture
• Central Asia