Burgenland

[[File:Landeshymne_Burgenland.ogg}}|Landeshymne Burgenland.ogg}}|thumb]] Burgenland is a federal state (Bundesland) of Austria, located in the eastern part of the country. It is the least populous and least densely populated state of Austria, but it holds significant historical, cultural, and economic importance. Burgenland shares its borders with Hungary to the east, Slovakia to the northeast, Styria (Steiermark) to the west, and Lower Austria (Niederösterreich) to the north. Its capital is Eisenstadt, which is one of the state's major urban centers alongside Neusiedl am See, Oberwart, and Mattersburg.

History

The history of Burgenland is marked by its diverse cultural heritage, influenced by various ethnic groups including Austrians, Hungarians, Croatians, and Roma. The region became part of Austria in 1921, following the treaties of Trianon and Saint-Germain, which redrew the borders of Hungary and Austria after World War I. Prior to this, the area was part of the Kingdom of Hungary for centuries.

Geography

Burgenland is characterized by its varied landscape, which includes the western shores of Lake Neusiedl (Neusiedler See), the only steppe lake in Europe, and the hilly regions of the Rosalia Mountains and the Ödenburg Mountains. The state's geography contributes to its rich biodiversity and status as a significant wine-producing region in Austria.

Culture

The cultural identity of Burgenland is a blend of Austrian and Hungarian influences, with a significant Croatian and Roma minority. This multicultural background is reflected in the region's festivals, cuisine, and architecture. Traditional events such as the Seefestspiele Mörbisch and the Haydn Festival in Eisenstadt are highlights of the state's cultural calendar.

Economy

Burgenland's economy is diverse, with a strong focus on agriculture, particularly viticulture and wine production, which benefits from the region's favorable climate and soil conditions. Renewable energy, especially wind power, has seen significant growth in recent years, making Burgenland a leader in Austria's green energy production. Tourism, driven by the natural beauty of the area, cultural attractions, and wine tourism, also plays a crucial role in the local economy.

Education

The state is home to several educational institutions, including the Burgenland University of Applied Sciences in Eisenstadt, which offers a range of programs in areas such as information technology, business, and health sciences.

Transport

Burgenland is well-connected by road and rail, with major highways and railway lines linking it to Vienna, Hungary, and the rest of Austria. The state's infrastructure supports its economic activities and facilitates access to its natural and cultural attractions.

See Also

• History of Austria
• Geography of Austria
• Economy of Austria
• Culture of Austria