Butanone

Preparation of dimethylglyoxime

Pechiney-Ugine-Kuhlmann process

Butanone, also known as methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), is an organic compound with the formula CH₃C(O)CH₂CH₃. This colorless liquid ketone has a sharp, sweet odor reminiscent of acetone. It is produced industrially on a large scale, and also occurs in trace amounts in nature. It is soluble in water and is commonly used as a solvent in processes involving gums, resins, cellulose acetate, and cellulose nitrate, as well as in the manufacture of plastics.

Production

Butanone is produced industrially by dehydrogenation of 2-butanol. The process uses a catalyst and is carried out under controlled conditions. This method is efficient and is used to produce the majority of butanone in the chemical industry.

Uses

Butanone's primary use is as a solvent in the manufacture of plastics and textiles, and in the production of paraffin wax. It is also used in the pharmaceutical industry for the extraction and purification of certain compounds. Its effectiveness as a solvent stems from its ability to dissolve many materials and its fast evaporation rate.

In addition to its industrial applications, butanone is used in the paint and coating industry as a volatile component of varnishes and as a cleaning agent. It is also a common ingredient in adhesive products, such as glues for PVC plastics, and in printing inks.

Health and Safety

Exposure to butanone can occur through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. It is considered a potential health hazard due to its effects on the nervous system, and prolonged exposure can lead to serious health issues, including neurotoxicity. Butanone is also an irritant to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system. Safety measures include using butanone in well-ventilated areas, wearing protective clothing, and following handling guidelines provided by safety data sheets.

Environmental Impact

Butanone is volatile and contributes to air pollution. It is involved in the formation of ground-level ozone, a harmful air pollutant. Regulations exist to control its emission into the environment, especially in industries that use it in large quantities.

Regulation

Butanone is regulated under various health and safety guidelines to minimize its impact on human health and the environment. In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the use and disposal of butanone to prevent pollution and protect public health.