Button spider

Button Spider

The term "Button Spider" refers to a group of highly venomous spiders belonging to the genus Latrodectus, commonly known as widow spiders. These spiders are known for their potent venom and distinctive appearance. The name "Button Spider" is often used in South Africa to describe certain species of widow spiders, particularly those that are black or brown with a characteristic red or orange marking on their abdomen.

Description

Button spiders are small to medium-sized arachnids. Females are typically larger than males and are more venomous. They have a glossy, bulbous abdomen and long, slender legs. The coloration can vary, but they often have a distinctive red or orange hourglass marking on the underside of their abdomen, which is a key identifying feature.

Habitat

Button spiders are found in a variety of habitats, including forests, grasslands, and urban areas. They are often found in dark, sheltered places such as under rocks, in woodpiles, or in outbuildings. They construct irregular, tangled webs where they capture their prey.

Venom

The venom of button spiders contains neurotoxins that can cause severe pain, muscle cramps, and systemic effects in humans. The bite of a button spider can be dangerous, particularly to young children, the elderly, or those with compromised immune systems. However, fatalities are rare with prompt medical treatment.

Medical Significance

Button spider bites require medical attention. Antivenom is available and can be administered in severe cases. Symptoms of a bite may include localized pain, sweating, nausea, and muscle rigidity. It is important to seek medical help if bitten by a button spider.

Prevention

To prevent encounters with button spiders, it is advisable to wear gloves when handling firewood or debris, and to be cautious when reaching into dark or sheltered areas where spiders may reside.

Also see

• Latrodectus
• Spider bite
• Neurotoxin
• Arachnid