Butyl rubber

Butyl rubber is a type of synthetic rubber primarily used in the production of tires, inner tubes, and other industrial products due to its excellent air retention properties. It is also known as isobutylene-isoprene rubber (IIR) and was first developed in the 1940s.

History

Butyl rubber was first synthesized by the polymer chemist William J. Sparks and his team at the Standard Oil Company (now ExxonMobil) in 1937. The first commercial production began in 1943, during the World War II, when there was a high demand for this type of rubber.

Production

The production of butyl rubber involves the polymerization of isobutylene with a small amount of isoprene. The process takes place in a solution that includes a catalyst, typically aluminium chloride. The resulting polymer is then recovered and dried.

Properties

Butyl rubber is known for its excellent air and gas impermeability and high resistance to heat, aging, weathering, chemical attack, and abrasion. These properties make it ideal for applications where airtight or watertight seals are required.

Applications

The primary use of butyl rubber is in the manufacture of tires, particularly inner tubes, due to its excellent air retention properties. It is also used in the production of adhesives, sealants, and vibration damping materials. Other applications include protective gloves, pharmaceutical stoppers, and gas masks.

Environmental Impact

While butyl rubber is a durable and long-lasting material, it is not biodegradable and can contribute to environmental pollution if not properly disposed of. Recycling and proper waste management practices are essential to mitigate the environmental impact of butyl rubber.

See Also

• Synthetic rubber
• Polymer
• Tire
• Adhesive
• Sealant